Gastroenteritis is an infection of the digestive system caused by inflammation of the stomach and intestines. It is usually caused by viruses, bacteria or parasites. Gastroenteritis is also popularly known as “stomach flu”.
Gastroenteritis is characterized by symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, abdominal bloating, fever, headache, muscle aches, weakness. Symptoms usually start suddenly and usually last 1 to 3 days, but can sometimes last longer. Symptoms may vary, especially depending on the severity of the infection and the state of the person’s immune system.
Gastroenteritis is usually transmitted by person-to-person contact or consumption of infected water or food. Viruses, bacteria or parasites can cause infection by reaching the mouth after contact with contaminated food or water. At the same time, a healthy person who comes into contact with an infected person can also become infected.
Treatment of gastroenteritis involves managing symptoms and replacing fluids and electrolytes lost by the body. It is important to drink plenty of fluids because vomiting and diarrhea can cause dehydration. Fluids containing electrolytes, especially oral rehydration solutions, can help balance fluid loss. Light and easily digestible foods may also be preferred.
Most cases of gastroenteritis resolve spontaneously and require no special treatment. However, it is important to contact a healthcare professional in case of severe symptoms, prolonged or recurrent gastroenteritis. It can also cause more serious complications in infants, young children, the elderly or people with weakened immune systems, so special care is needed for them.
Hygienic measures are important to prevent gastroenteritis. Washing hands frequently, avoiding contaminated food, paying attention to the safety of drinking water, cooking food well and following food storage conditions can help reduce the risk of infection.
