Streptococcus A is a type of bacteria, also known as Streptococcus pyogenes. Streptococcus pyogenes is a Gram-positive bacterium that causes various infections in humans. These infections include throat infections (sore throat and strep throat), skin infections, wound infections, sinusitis, middle ear infections, rheumatic fever and toxic shock syndrome caused by some type A streptococci.
Streptococcus A is one of the most common causes of throat infections in particular. These infections are usually spread through coughing, sneezing or direct contact with an infected person. Symptoms include sore throat, fever, difficulty swallowing, redness and swelling of the tonsils. Antibiotic treatment is usually used and helps prevent the spread of these infections and complications.
Some strains of Streptococcus A can lead to post-streptococcal complications. These include rheumatic fever (a condition that causes inflammation of the heart, joints and other organs) and acute kidney inflammation (glomerulonephritis). These complications are rare but can be serious and require appropriate treatment.
To prevent the spread of Streptococcus A infections, it is important to follow hygiene rules, especially strictly following hygienic handwashing habits. It is also important to avoid contact with infected people and to take protective measures when in close contact with people who show symptoms of strep throat.
