Tonsillectomy, or tonsillectomy in medical terms, is the surgical removal of the tonsils. The inflammatory process of the tonsils is called “tonsillitis”. Tonsils are two oval-shaped organs located at the back of the throat. There are two tonsils in total, one on each side. The tonsils function as part of the immune system and form the body’s first line of defense against bacteria and viruses from the mouth. After puberty, the role of the tonsils in the immune system decreases, which may be one of the reasons why cases of tonsillitis are rare in adults.
In the past, tonsillectomy was common practice to treat recurrent tonsillitis. Nowadays, this surgery may also be preferred to treat enlarged tonsils that cause breathing problems during sleep.
Tonsillectomy is usually performed in cases of recurrent or severe tonsillitis and when enlarged tonsils cause breathing difficulties.
There are some criteria for tonsillectomy. For example, tonsillitis must have occurred at least seven times in the previous year, at least five times a year in the last two years or at least three times a year in the last three years. Also, bacterial infections that do not improve with antibiotic treatment or conditions such as tonsil abscesses may require surgery. Respiratory problems caused by enlarged tonsils are also indications for surgery.
A series of preparations are made before the surgery. The doctor evaluates the patient’s health history, performs the necessary examinations and gives information about how the surgery will take place. It may be necessary to stop or change some medications before the operation. It may be necessary not to eat the night before the operation. Additional examinations such as blood tests or sleep tests may also be performed if necessary.
Tonsil surgery is usually performed under general anesthesia, so the patient sleeps during the operation and does not feel any pain. During the operation, the surgeon removes the tonsils using a scalpel or special surgical instruments.
It is possible for patients to encounter some problems in the postoperative period. Sore throat, difficulty swallowing and the need for painkillers may be common. Proper use of painkillers, plenty of fluid intake and proper nutrition are important in the postoperative period. Rest should be taken during the recovery period and the doctor’s recommendations should be followed.
Although postoperative complications are rare, bleeding, infection and high fever may occur. In such cases, a doctor should be consulted.
Tonsil surgery is a surgical procedure used in the treatment of tonsil problems that recur or cause breathing difficulties. With careful follow-up and appropriate care before and after surgery, patients can have a healthy recovery process.
