Astigmatism, a congenital deformity of the frontmost transparent layer of our eye, the cornea, is a condition that affects the optical system of the eye. While the cornea is normally expected to have a rounded shape, in the case of astigmatism the cornea has a more elliptical structure. This causes them to see objects with elongated and scattered edges. Astigmatic people can see both far and near blurred. People with a high degree of astigmatism can often experience eye pain and headaches.
Myopia, or nearsightedness, occurs when the eye is longer than normal. Myopic people tend to have blurred vision at a distance but can see more clearly up close. A common symptom is squinting to try to focus, which can lead to headaches. Myopia can be treated with glasses, contact lenses, laser treatment or intraocular lens surgery.
Hyperopia is caused by the anterior-posterior diameter of the eye being shorter than normal. For this reason, while they have problems with near vision, they can see far more easily. However, in the case of high-grade hypermetropia, distance vision may also be unclear, especially after the age of 40. People with hyperopia may tend to shift letters while reading and may experience eye and headaches after prolonged reading.
Glasses and contact lenses are a common treatment for conditions such as hyperopia, myopia and astigmatism. Laser treatment and intraocular lens surgery may also be preferred to correct these vision problems. People treated with any of these methods can have clear vision without glasses or contact lenses. However, completely zero numbers cannot be guaranteed after treatment. For example, about 95 out of 100 people who receive laser treatment for myopia can see clearly without glasses or contact lenses.
Presbyopia is a near vision disorder that occurs after the age of 40. The lens inside the eye loses its elasticity, causing difficulty in seeing clearly up close. In this case, using reading glasses is a common solution.
Vision problems such as astigmatism, myopia, hyperopia and presbyopia occur due to different causes and can be corrected with various treatment methods. Options such as glasses, contact lenses, laser treatment and intraocular lens surgery can be applied according to the person’s vision problem and preferences.
