What is Astigmatism?
Our eyes need to focus the rays in order to create clear and sharp images. This focusing takes place when the surface of the eye, called the cornea, refracts the rays. This refraction of the rays must be focused behind the retina. However, in the case of a visual defect called astigmatism, the rays cannot focus properly due to an irregular shape of the eye surface, the cornea. As a result, images become blurred and far from clear.
Astigmatism is a congenital condition and usually occurs when the normally round surface of the cornea takes on an asymmetrical or elliptical shape. This causes rays to come to different focal points in different planes. This leads to an inability to see both near and far clearly.
What are the Degrees of Astigmatism?
Astigmatism usually persists steadily, with no significant increase or decrease over time. This fixes the image blur to a certain level. At the same time, the severity and plane of astigmatism can vary from person to person.
What are the Symptoms of Astigmatism?
Astigmatism can manifest itself with various symptoms and can negatively affect activities of daily living. These symptoms can be the following:
Blurred vision
Double vision
Shaded or wavy vision
Head and eye pain
Fatigue and headache after prolonged reading or close focus
Squinting to see objects clearly
Difficulty seeing when driving at night
How is astigmatism treated?
Astigmatism can be diagnosed with a simple examination by an ophthalmologist. There are different options for the treatment of astigmatism:
Eyeglasses: The most common and simple treatment. The lenses are designed to be curved to correct the astigmatic shape of the cornea.
Contact Lenses: Toric lenses specific to astigmatism or gas permeable hard lenses may be preferred in cases of high degree astigmatism.
Laser Eye Surgery: For those who do not want to wear glasses or lenses, laser surgery reshapes the cornea, allowing the rays to focus properly. However, although there is no guarantee of completely zero numbers with this method, a great deal of success can be achieved.
Astigmatism is usually a treatable problem and the appropriate treatment is determined by the individual’s needs. If you are experiencing any of the symptoms mentioned above, it is important to consult an ophthalmologist. Also for children, regular eye examinations can help to detect potential astigmatism early
